在前苏联解体23年后，俄罗斯有多个地方推出了揭露苏共 迫害的旅游线路。其中包括参观莫斯科市中心的前苏联秘密警察——克格勃的总部，还有沿着莫斯科的果戈里林荫大道 ，游客可以了解到许多重要建筑的历史 ，和苏共掌权后城市的变化。这让中国 人表现出了浓厚的兴趣。为什么呢？我们一起去看看。
这是俄罗斯一家名为〝纪念碑〞的人权组织，在莫斯科推出的一个持续两天的免费参观游览项目。
据介绍，前苏联秘密警察——克格勃 的总部大楼，地下室曾是秘密监狱。仅在1937年就有2500多人被关押在这里，活着出来的只有24个人。而且这里的牢房，序号都不连续，为的是不让被关押者猜到自己在楼中的所在位置。前苏联异议作家、诺贝尔文学奖得主索尔仁尼琴 就曾被关押在这个地下室监狱里。
在莫斯科市中心附近的前苏联的最高军事法庭的大楼里，当斯大林 〝大清洗〞达到高潮时，这里的法官就像流水线上工人一样，10几分钟就宣判一个人死刑。已知在被这里被判死的人数超过了4万。另据秘密警察档案，仅在1937年到1938年一年中，斯大林本人就签署了对681,692人的处决。
原山东大学教授孙文广：〝我觉得在现在俄罗斯能够组织这样的旅游项目，这是非常非常好的一个事情。如果有可能，我还想去看看。因为苏联统治时期是一个共产暴力恐怖，非常残暴。要认识共产主义的罪恶的话，那么到俄罗斯去看一看，那是非常好的，特别大陆 的人。〞
在两天的旅游中，果戈里林荫大道旁的〝救世主大教堂〞的历历史变迁引人关注。这座原本极具俄罗斯传统文化 色彩的、莫斯科地标性建筑之一的大教堂，在苏共上台后，被彻底炸成渣土。苏共原计划在此修一座苏维埃大厦和列宁塑像，但未没有实施。在苏联解体后，这里又重建了〝救世主大教堂〞。
大陆南方街头运动的积极参与 者欧彪峰：〝我觉得推出这种旅游项目非常好！它对世人也是一种警醒，让现代人都了解苏联曾经对人权的践踏，克格勃对人类犯下的滔天罪行。如果条件允许，我也希望能够去看。〞
据〝纪念碑〞组织的游览项目负责人介绍，这些旅游内容属于〝红色恐怖地形图〞的项目，这个项目还包括了研讨会、实地考察和开网页等等。自从他们2013去年推出这些内容后，外界的需求越来越大，他们正考虑要开设英文导游的服务。
孙文广：〝共产主义运动做为一个世界性的潮流，那它的罪行是罄竹难书。如果把这些真实的东西拿出来，给大家看，那对我们认识过去几十年的共产统治，是非常好的活生生的历历史教材，很多青年人不知道。〞
据报导，在俄罗斯东欧平原上的科米共和国、远东联邦区的马加丹州和西北部的圣彼得堡市，都有揭露苏共迫害的游览项目，如古拉格集中营等。
在世界各地受过共产党迫害的国家里，也都建有类似的纪念行活动和建筑。如：爱沙尼亚为被共产政权迫害致死的人们建立了纪念碑，拉脱维亚把每年的6月14号定为〝悼念共产党民族灭绝遇难者日〞，柬埔寨在红色高棉 政权的〝第21号安全监狱〞的旧址上，建立了〝大屠杀博物馆〞。
欧彪峰：〝共产党它整个这个意识形态就是反人性 的。我希望在中国极权政权崩盘盘以后，能够也有这个活动，让后人看看中共这个独裁极权、这个暴政 曾经犯下的邪恶的、完全违背人类良知的，那种没有底线的滔天罪行。〞
原东德共产党总书记昂纳克，曾下令对穿越两德边境的东德逃亡者 开枪，1992年他在身患癌症的情况下，依旧被从智利遣返受审。在柬埔寨，特别法庭2007年对五名位接受中共支持的红色高棉前领导人开庭，并指控他们犯下了反人类罪；分别以战争罪、反人类罪、酷刑和谋杀罪等对他们判刑，〝最终判处第21号监狱〞的监狱长康克最终被判处无期徒刑。而前罗马尼亚共产党总书记齐奥塞斯库夫妇，在1989年 12月共产党垮台后被民众抓捕枪毙。
采采访编辑/唐音 后制/李勇
Two-Day Trip to See Relics of The Communist Party of the
Soviet Union Persecution.
23 years after the breakup of the former Soviet Union, there
are several tourist trips to expose Soviet persecution in Russia.
They include a visit to former Soviet secret police – the KGB
headquarters at Moscow, and to Moscow Gogol Boulevard.
The visitors can learn many historical facts about the
important buildings, and the city changes under Soviet power.
Chinese people are showing great interest in it.
Why is that? Let’s take a look
This is a free two-day tour in Moscow launched by a Russian
human rights organization called Monument.
According to the report, the KGB headquarters building’s
basement was a secret prison.
In 1937 alone, 2,500 people were detained.
To prevent detainees guessing their location in the building,
the cell numbers are not consecutive.
Former Soviet dissident writer and Nobel Prize winner
Alexander Solzhenitsyn was held in the basement.
In the highest military court building of central Moscow, of
the former Soviet union, the judge was like an assembly line
worker for sentencing one person to death every 10 minutes
at the height of Stalin’s Great Purge .
It’s known that there were more than 40,000 dead here.
According to the secret police files, from 1937 to 1938,
Stalin himself signed 681,692 executions in that year.
Former Shandong University professor Sun Wenguang, “it’s
very good for Russia to organize such a tourism project.
I even want to take a look if possible because the Soviet
regime was very violent and horrible.
To mainland people, it’s very good to go to Russia and get
to know the communist evils.”
On the two day trip, the historical changes of the Cathedral of
Christ the Saviour near the Gogol Boulevard is very attractive.
This traditional Russian landmark building was completely
destroyed after the Soviet Communist Party came in.
The Communist Party of the Soviet Union planned to have a
Soviet edifice and Lenin statue, but nothing happened.
They rebuilt the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour here after
the disintegration of the Soviet Union.
Southern Street Movement participator Ou Biaofeng “it’s
very good to launch such a tourism project.
It will wake up the world and help people to be aware of the
Soviet human rights abuses and KGB’s heinous crimes.
If possible, I would like to go.”
According to the Monument tour organizer’s introduction,
tour programs are from the Red Terror topographic map.
This also includes seminars, field trips and web pages.
They are considering adding English tour guide services
because of growing demand since last year’s launch.
Sun Wenguang, ”the communist movement crimes are too
many to record as a worldwide trend.
These true things are living history for us to know about the
communist rule in the past few decades.
Many young people do not know.”
There are similar commemorative activities and buildings in
countries which suffered the Communist persecution.
For example, there is a monument in memory of the dead
persecuted by the communist regime in Estonia;
Each June 14 is the Soviet Communist Genocide Victims’
Memorial Day in Latvia;
The Genocide Museum is located at the former Khmer
Rouge regime Security Prison 21 in Cambodia.
Ou Biaofeng, “the whole ideology of the Communist Party is
against humanity.
I hope there is such program in China before the Chinese
totalitarian regime collapses.
Then people can know the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
totalitarian dictatorship’s heinous evil crimes are against
humanity without end.”
Former General Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party
Honecker ordered the shooting of East German fugitives.
They were crossing the border between the two German
areas.
Honecker was repatriated from Chile for trial in 1992 even
though he was suffering from cancer.
In Cambodia, the Special Court sentenced five former Khmer
Rouge leaders who accepted CCP support on war crimes,
crimes against humanity, torture and murder, in 2007. Prison
21 warden Concord was sentenced to life imprisonment.
The former general secretary of the Romania Communist
Party Ceausescu and his wife were arrested and shot by
people in December 1989 after the collapse of the
Communist Party.
Interview & Edit/Tang Yin Post-Production/Li Yong
本文标签：中共, 人权, 人权组织, 俄罗斯, 克格勃, 党, 共产主义, 共产党, 列宁, 反人类罪, 孙文广, 政权, 斯大林, 新唐人, 李勇, 红色高棉, 警察, 诺贝尔文学奖
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